Pepsi Co Strategic Management Essays

Pepsi Co Strategic Management Essays Pepsi Co Strategic Management Paper Pepsi Co Strategic Management Paper Foundation ?Established in 1965 PepsiCo made in 1965 through the merger of Pepsi-Cola and Frito-Lay ? In 1997, traded on an open market organization to concentrate PepsiCo on food and refreshments. ?The world’s biggest tidbit and drink organization in 2006 In 2006, PepsiCo has around $35billion net income ?The organization is broken into four business divisions: ?Frito-lay North America Frito-Lay North America makes, markets, sells and disperses salty and sweet bites. Items made and sold in North America incorporate Lay’s and Ruffles brand potato chips, Doritos and Tostitos brand tortilla chips, Cheetos brand cheddar enhanced bites, Fritos brand corn chips, an assortment of marked plunges and salsas and Rold Gold brand pretzels. Low-fat and no-fat renditions of a few brands are likewise produced and sold in North America. ?PepsiCo Beverages North America Pepsi-Cola North America produces concentrates of brand Pepsi, Mountain Dew, Mug, Slice, Fruitworks, Sierra Mist and different brands available to be purchased to diversified bottlers. PCNA likewise offers syrups to national wellspring accounts. PCNA advertises and advances its brands. PCNA additionally makes, showcases and disseminates prepared to-drink tea and espresso items through joint endeavors with Lipton and Starbucks and licenses the handling, conveyance and offer of Aquafina filtered water. What's more, PCNA produces and sells Dole juice drinks for appropriation and deal by Pepsi-Cola bottlers. ?PepsiCo International Pepsi-Cola International fabricates concentrates of brand Pepsi, 7UP, Mirinda, KAS, Mountain Dew and different brands globally available to be purchased to diversified bottlers and friends claimed bottlers. PCI works packaging plants and dissemination offices in different global markets for the creation, dispersion and offer of organization possessed and authorized brands. PCI advertises and advances its brands globally. Head global markets incorporate Mexico, China, Saudi Arabia, India, Argentina, Thailand, the United Kingdom, Spain, the Philippines and Brazil. ?Quaker Foods North America Frito-Lay International produces, markets, sells and conveys salty and sweet bites. Items incorporate Walkers brand nibble nourishments in the United Kingdom, Smith’s brand nibble food sources in Australia, Sabritas brand nibble nourishments and Alegro and Gamesa brand sweet snacks in Mexico. A considerable lot of our U. S. brands have been presented globally, for example, Lay’s and Ruffles brand potato chips, Doritos and Tostitos brand tortilla chips, Fritos brand corn chips and Cheetos brand cheddar seasoned tidbits. Head universal bite markets incorporate Mexico, the United Kingdom, Brazil, Spain, the Netherlands, Australia and South Africa. Worldwide Channel Value Chain PepsiCo’s supervisory group was chosen to catching key fit advantages inside the business line-up all through the worth chain. Essential exercises : Supply Chain the executives oCombined corporate-wide obtainment of item fixings upon the securing of Quacker Oats Producing/Manufacturing oShare advertised examination data to more readily empower every division to grow new items prone to be hits with shoppers, united its buying to decrease costs, and made comparable items in like manner offices at whatever point conceivable. oMaximize unutilized assets Packaging oCombined corporate-wide acquirement of bundling materials upon the obtaining of Quacker Oats Distribution and retailing oJoin conveyance of Quacker tidbits and Frito-Lay to decrease their circulation costs oPower of One retailer partnership procedure to build customers propensity to buy more than one item offered by PepsiCo during a store visit. Deals and promoting oConsolidated deals and advertising elements of comparab le items to wipe out duplication of exertion and to introduce one face to clients. Bolster Activities : Human asset the executives PepsiCo regards singular contrasts in culture, ethnicity and shading. PepsiCo is resolved to approach open door for all representatives and candidates. oCorporate program for preparing representatives how to function and oversee in a comprehensive domain Advertising oPepsi as of now had encounters in promoting their items globally. In the event that the other line business of PepsiCo needs to do publicizing in certain nations, they could learn and execute the promoting strategy that previously actualized by Pepsi and they likewise as of now have important data about the nation. Broadening Strategy Financial Analysis SWOT Analysis Strengths Broader yet engaged product offering and extraordinary brand notoriety Key techniques: items development, cozy associations with convey partners, universal extension, vital acquisitions Market pioneer for U. S. accommodation food (21%) and fluid rewards (26%) Capturing key fit advantages inside the business arrangement all through the worth chain Lack of capital limitations (High accessibility of FCF, anticipated as $15 billion between 2007-2009) Weaknesses Slow move into global filtered water showcase Unequally circulated universal deals of Quaker Oats Products (75% of worldwide deals was represented by only six nations) A huge reliance on one business division in creating benefits (Over 50 percent of the companys benefits originate from Frito-Lay North America) Opportunities Promising worldwide nourishments and refreshments markets o$70 billion market for noncarbonated drinks in global market oHigh per capita utilizatio n of snacks The expansion of wellbeing cognizant buyers Dangers FTC’s 10-year denial on packaged refreshments (Gatorade and PepsiCo soda items) contracts with retailers The development of Food and Beverages industry Conclusion ?Increase the utilization of eliteness understandings to support their deals in key markets. This may make it harder to minimize expenses however will guarantee included incomes. ?Keep on growing with their â€Å"Human Sustainability†. PepsiCo should turn out to be increasingly proactive in the wellbeing food/item commercial center as opposed to being responsive to the market patterns. They have to improve their responsiveness and future projections to advertise patterns and changes that can in this way insinuate distinctive item sections and target markets. The good dieting market is a segment that will keep on developing later on, and will give liberal benefits if Pepsi Co can get an enormous piece of the overall industry. ?Extend more into social advantages, particularly for those in creating countries. Pepsi’s principle contender Coca Cola has executed a water cleansing system for African Villages, which gives a significant need and simultaneously presenting their image name where it was before obscure. In the event that Pepsi followed this equivalent philosophy with food items and water cleansing it also would essentially expand brand acknowledgment ? Catch a greater amount of the maturing population’s piece of the overall industry. Pepsi is an organization centered around a more youthful market planning to rehash the overall accomplishment of Coca Cola concerning brand steadfastness with the ages brought into the world after 1980; in any case, there is as yet an enormous market with the Baby boomer segment that they could break into. PepsiCo ought to venture into business sectors and market portions that they are presently not in, for example, Asia, India, and South America, It will extend their piece of the pie at the worldwide level and to expand their general income. ?PepsiCo ought to improve their representative relations. It will make representatives everywhere throughout the world to advance the item both during their work day and in their own life so as to make †Å"word of mouth marketing†.

Topics For Personal Reflective Essay

Topics For Personal Reflective EssayWhen writing a personal reflective essay, you should think about the main topics for the piece. Do not be afraid to write about something you have not experienced yet. The topic you choose is also important because it will determine how long your essay will be and how much depth you can get into it.Usually, essay topics involve various aspects of your life. You must be able to write about anything and everything related to your life, or at least know that it can be related. For example, if you are going to write an essay about your first date, then the topic must include your first date with your partner.A personal reflective essay is the most important aspect of your entire academic career. It represents you as a person and gives readers an insight into what you really feel and think. What better way to communicate a message than through writing? Let's face it, there are so many opinions and ideas out there, that we often do not feel comfortable d iscussing them in public, which is why it is important to be honest.Since the topic of your personal reflective essay will decide how long it will be, you should think about the main topics that you want to cover. The main topics for personal reflective essays include but are not limited to, your interests, your education, your beliefs, your talents, your fears, and more.When you are writing a personal reflective essay, you will be forced to think and discuss every little detail. This means that you need to be prepared to get into details that you may not be comfortable with. For example, if you are writing an essay about your favorite television show, then the topic will be something you are familiar with and enjoy. However, if you are writing about a subject that you are not that familiar with, then it may be something that you need to do some research on. If you are not sure about the main topics for your personal reflective essay, then you may want to seek the help of someone wh o is experienced in this field. This person can make suggestions that you may have overlooked. For example, if you are writing an essay about your hobby, then the person will know if your hobbies are interesting enough to write about. They can also tell you about hobbies that are new and that are not so popular yet.Lastly, you should always know what the deadline for your personal reflective essay is before you even start. You do not want to be late with your assignment because of what could happen during the editing process.Finally, if you would like to write more than one essay, then the main topics should remain the same. You should focus on three main topics for your essays. By taking these three topics and writing about them, you will come up with three different essays that represent the things that you think, feel, and do in the world around you.

The Symbiotic Relationships between Microbial Organisms and Plants

The Symbiotic Relationships between Microbial Organisms and Plants | With Concentrations in Rhizobium and A ; Mycorrhiza Introduction†There are many catching microbic creatures that spend a significant piece of their life cadence shacking in the soil profiles. These creatures incorporate roundworms, Protozoa, Fungis, bacteriums and various arthropods. Together they play basic capacities in act uponing soil highlights and keeping sound earth profiles. In our occasion, we will be mostly focusing on Fungis and bacteriums. Parasites and bacteriums are actually typically found inside the earth and they have enormous effect on soil birthrate and works developing. It is rather testing to examine their connections with workss and their single maps. The aim of this exploration paper is to infer a more profound appreciation of their astounding connection with workss ; and most altogether, to help through my extraordinary marvel of why such symbioses are so vital to the prosperity of our varying biological systems and in any event, for us universes? Plant Foods†The three essential nourishments workss dependent, as it were, on are nitrogen, P, and K. Since we will be broadly examining the elements of bacteriums and Fungis, in this manner we are increasingly worried about N and P. Not terrible, but not great either, for what reason do workss require those nourishments? Nitrogen is one of the imperative compound components workss required for developing and generation. It is a constituent of chlorophyll and in this way basic for photosynthesis. It is other than a significant constituent of amino acids, the building obstructs for proteins ; and without proteins, workss would wilt and expire ( U.S. Branch of Agriculture, 2015 ) . In add-on, a portion of the proteins go about as auxiliary units in works cells while others go about as compounds, doing conceivable huge numbers of the biochemical responses on which life is based. Nitrogen is other than a constituent of vitality move mixes, for example, adenosine triphosphate, known as ATP. ATP awards cells the capacity to moderate and use vitality discharged in transformation. Nitrogen is other than a significant constituent of nucleic acids, for example, Deoxyribonucleic Acid, known as Deoxyribonucleic corrosive, the familial stuff that permits cells to turn and replicate. Phosphorous is another basic nourishment both as bit of a few cardinal works development mixes and as a contact activity in the progress of army cardinal biochemical responses in workss. Phosphorous is quite liable for its capacity in catching and change overing sun’s vitality into utile works mixes. Like N, P is a basic constituent of DNA. It is a constituent of RNA, the aggravate that peruses the DNA familial codification to build proteins and different mixes crucial for works development, seed yield and familial transportation. The development of both DNA and RNA are connected together by P bonds. Another comparable assets that phosphorus divides with Nitrogen is that it is other than basic constituent of ATP. ATP signifiers during photosynthesis, and utilizations P inside its development, and it forms from the earliest starting point of seedling becoming through to the arrangement of grain and adulthood ( U.S Department of Agriculture, 2015 ) . Subsequently, both N and phosphoric are crucial components required for the general health and vitality of all workss, they help to build waste and root quality, better bloom arrangement and seed creation and backing plants’ advancement all through their full life musicality. Without neither N nor phosphoric, there would be no life on Earth as we probably am aware it. Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria Analysis â€Rhizobium As referenced above, N is a crucial nourishment for workss as it is bit of their nucleic acids and proteins. Nitrogen can be in numerous signifiers, for example, Nitrogen Gas, Ammonia, Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonium and Nitrous Oxide. Dinitrogen or N gas is extremely inexhaustible and makes up 78 for every centum of our mood. Shockingly, workss can't use them straight since they come up short on the vital chemicals to change over the gas into organically utile signifiers. The activity here is that N gas is non extremely responsive ; it will scarcely cooperate with different synthetic substances to make new mixes ( Brady and A ; Weil, 2010 ) . Be that as it may, there is a way to fix the unserviceable signifier through either substance or organic methods ; and the fix methodology itself is called nitrogen captured advancement. The nitrogen captured advancement methodology will hinder down the ternary security that held the N iotas together and free them up for transmutation. The particles can so be coordinated with different components to sort out ammonium hydroxide, ammonium or N dioxides. Presently we present the build of natural N captured improvement. It was chief found by German agronomist Hermann Hellriegel and Dutch microbiologist Martinus Beijerinck. Organic N captured advancement is the strategy of change of air N into ammonium hydroxide by creatures through a protein called nitrogenase ( Peters, Fisher and A ; Dean 1995 ) . Inside the nitrogenase, there are two significant protein composites that are answerable for the abatement of N gas, viz. Fe-protein and A ; MoFe-protein. The reductive response can be communicated by the equationN2 + 8H+ +8e-+ 16 ATPi?2NH3 + H2 + 16ADP + 16Pi. Think about the Fe-protein composite as a force house and the MoFe-protein composite as a plant. A plant expects vitality to deliver stocks, and that is the point at which the force house stairss in to run into the interest. Fe-protein ( the force house ) gets races ( vitality ) from a flavedoxin ( a negatron reassigning protein, in this occurrence, consider it an air current turbine ) and moves them further to the MoFe-protein ( the plant ) . The negatron moving is made conceivable by the incidental hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and A ; Pi, where more vitality is created to back up the travel of negatrons. MoFe-protein so takes the negatrons, environmental N gas, and H changes over them into ammonium hydroxide alongside a remainder H atom. It is of import to see that catalysts inside nitrogenase can be devastated by free O atoms. Accordingly, life forms that fix N must ensure the catalysts do non obtain presented to oxygen ( Brady and A ; Weil 2010 ) . The being that fix N are a kind of soil bacteriums and they are mutually called Rhizobium. So as to ensure nitrogenase, they structure this complex advantageous relationship with leguminous workss, for example, soya beans. They start by tainting the plants’ root hairs and the cortical cells ; it drives the arrangement of root knobs that fill in as the sheltered desert spring for nitrogen captured advancement ( Long, 2004 ) . The strategy where the knobs signifier is truly retaining. The plants’ root hairs discharge certain compound signs to pull rhizobia bacteriums that are available in the earth. Rhizobia enter the attach and get down to multiply and do a contamination yarn to sort out. The disease yarn will so transform into the cerebral mantle of the roo t. At the point when the contamination yarn has ventured far bounty into the plants’ root, it will relinquish bacterial cells, which become bacteroids in root cells. Gesture factors from the bacteriums will do cortical cells to part and take to the inevitable arrangement of knobs. It is inquisitively fascinating that the plants’ resistant framework is processing the disease ; on the other hand of murdering the bacteroids, they keep them inside their phones. At the point when Rhizobium are inside the knobs, they do non hold to cover with free O particles and now can securely use nitrogenase to chop down air N to ammonium hydroxide. Through this harmonious relationship, the host workss gain profits by using an interminable start of N from the mood that are presently in an increasingly organic useable signifier. Consequently, rhizobia get saccharides produced through photosynthesis for vitality ( since it takes vitality to execute the change ) , each piece great as a secured cover in which for them to populate and turn ( Brady and A ; Weil, 2010 ) . Plants are presently ready to utilize the ammonium hydroxide resulting from bacterial N captured improvement for developing. The compound is shipped into works tissues and is so joined into aminic acids, which are so made into works proteins. For cases, soya beans and peanuts created by leguminous plant workss contain remarkable high degrees of protein and are among the a large portion of import horticultural beginnings of protein known to mankind. The inquisitive mutualism between vegetable workss and Rhizobium delineate the way they help to delay each other’s lives. Subsequently, it is other than helping us universes to drag out our lives. Truth be told, our prosperity is, as it were, needy upon this significant but then minimal effort start of protein. We devour them as segment of our essential eating routine and we use them as vitalize being provenders. Ranchers, they exploit this mutualism and use it to treat their reap land through collect rotating movement †for case, they use soya beans and different leguminous plant workss in turning movements with grass gathers, for example, maize or wheat to straight shoot organic useable N back to the earth ( U.S. Branch of Agriculture’s, 2015 ) . Nitrogen captured improvement method other than simultaneously adds to filthy birthrate on the grounds that the works roots deserts a portion of the naturally accessible N. Rhizobium is a characteristic and earth well dis posed way to prepare workss as restrict to compound preparation that utilization a non-inexhaustible assets, for example, flammable gas. Taken together, who might hold ever imagined that such tricky connection among workss and bacteriums can hold such a colossal result on all the species’ perseverance. Nutritious Delivering Fungi Analysis †Mycorrhiza As aforesaid expressed, phosphoric is one the most irreplaceable nourishments for some life creatures, especially for workss. Plants must utili

Identifying a De Facto Director - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2551 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Company Law à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"The decision of the Supreme Court in The Commissioners for HM Revenue and Customs v Holland (2010) and the case-law subsequently, has brought much needed clarity to the questions of how to identify whether someone is a de facto director, and why it is necessary for the law to be able to identify a person as a de facto director.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ A de facto director is a person who has not been formally and validly appointed and registered at the Companies House as a full de jure director but they will be treated as one by the courts if a dispute would be to arise since the have assumed the status and functions of a company director.[1] They will be subject to the same duties that a de jure director would be therefore it is necessary to establish when a person is acting as one so they can be held accountable should any liabilities arise out of a breach of an obligation. This essay will consider whether the recent Supreme Court decis ion in the Commissioners for HM Revenue and Customs[2] (Holland) provided any clarity regarding de facto directorship, if and how the principles were applied in subsequent cases and why is it important to identify a de facto director. This case provided the court with an opportunity to consider issues surrounding the concept of de facto directorships. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Identifying a De Facto Director" essay for you Create order The main concern of the case what relatively narrow; whether a director of a corporate director should be considered to be a de facto director of the subsequent company. In this case, Mr Holland created a scheme to provide administration and tax services to contractors who did not wish to set up and run their own companies. They became employees with non-voting rights in exchange for a salary and dividends. This scheme had a complex structure; Holland and his wife owned all of the shares in PS LTD which owned all of the share capital in P(DS) and P(SS) who were respectively the corporate director and secretary of 42 composite companies. Hollands intention was for the companies to pay a lower tax rate, however, the scheme failed and the companies went insolvent. When calculating the distributable profit, the higher tax rate was not accounted for so the dividends that were paid out were unlawful. The HMRC brought a claim against Holland under s212 Insolvency Act[3] on the basis he had been acting as a de facto director of each company thus breached his fiduciary duties by paying out dividends. The HMRC appealed to the Supreme Court where a bare majority of 3;2 dismissed it; they held that Holland was not acting as a de facto director for the subsequent companies. However, the judges all applied different means of reasoning in reaching this decision. Several different approaches to one case suggests that there was a high degree of ambiguity in the law and there was a lack of existing guiding principles. One reason could be that there is a lack of statutory definition and guidance existing so it can be hard to identify them. It is believed they fall into the circular, incomprehensible definition of director which is included in the Company Act 2006[4]; any person occupying the position of a director by whatever name called. This is tautological and unhelpful[5] in identifying a de facto director therefore it has essentially been left up to judges to aid our unde rstanding of the factors, such as nature and extent of control, which constitute a de facto directorship. However, court guidelines have not always been of a uniform nature. In reaching the decision in Holland[6], many earlier cases regarding de facto directors were considered. However, Lord Hope recognised that there were limits to their application; it is plain from the authorities that the circumstances vary widely from case to case[7]. He endorsed the consensus that no single test could be created as the result is based so heavily on the facts of the case. This clarifies that judges such as Jacob J in Tjolle[8] were accurate in saying how it may be difficult to postulate any one decisive test the court takes into account all the relevant factors. Holland[9] held that declaring someone a de facto director is very much a question of fact and degree therefore there cannot be set criteria which needs to be satisfied. However, one factor that has a high degree of significant attac hed is whether there was an assumption of responsibility to act as a director of the subject companies. However, as Lord Walker highlighted[10] a person does not need to be formally appointed as a director to be construed as such it is more important to focus on what they id rather than what their title was. The majority did not believe that Holland[11] had assumed responsibility of that a de facto director would have held however, they failed to provide sufficient details on what would have been sufficient to constitute it. This means that Holland[12] did not completely solve the issue of uncertainty in the concept as consistent guidance is still lacking. Collins provided some help by summarising three factors that would be relevant in deciding whether someone would be held to be acting as a de facto director. They include whether they were a sole director or acting on equal footing with somebody that had been appointed as a true director,[13] whether there was a holding out by the company[14] and whether the individual was part of the corporate governance system.[15] However, Sealy[16] has noted the confusion and uncertainty that arose from the judgements; particularly what is regarded as the obiter dicta. This is due to the ill-defined criteria that the judges included- they included relevant factors but failed to give a reasonable explanation of what they mean therefore there is still a significant lack of clarity regarding how it could be applied. This means that it is still largely unclear what constitutes the assumption of responsibility test. As a result, Holland[17] has clarified that there cannot be a single test but has failed to be as specific regarding anything else. This could be because it is not actually possible to create a comprehensive list of all the relevant factors judges could consider since the decisions of the case are so fact dependant that all the possible circumstances could not be covered and the test provide specific enough gui dance. This leaves it open and gives judges the flexibility to ensure all the facts of the case are considered when making their decision. Another main focus in the judgements was on the principle of separate legal entities. This is a well established principle that a company is its own legal person, separate and distinct from that of its directors and shareholders. When considering this principle, they placed much of their focus on the case of Re Hydrodam[18] and Lord Hope[19] upheld elements Millet Js judgement, particularly the requirement of something more: Attendance of board meetings and voting, with others, may in certain limited circumstances expose a director to personal liability to the company of which he is a director or its creditors. But it does not, without more, constitute him a director of any company of which his company is a director. [20] This means that simply being involved in the companys decision making process as a director of a corporate director will not be enough to be regarded as a de facto director, something more is required. The guiding principle is that as long as he had performed relevant acts entirely within the ambit of the discharge of his duties and responsibilities as director of the corporate director, it was to that capacity that his acts had to be attributed.[21] There was little elaboration regarding what duties and responsibilities are considered to be a directors therefore there is the problem that it is vague. Additionally, the principle of separate legal entity goes against the principle that an individual should be held accountable for their control over the affairs of the company even though they were never formally appointed.[22] This means that the courts appear to be encouraging the use of corporate directorships to be done in a way which involves people developing complex structures in order to be shielded from being considered a de facto director. The minority disagreed with the majority regarding this issue. They believed that the case was not compatible since the facts were significantly different and the decisions are based so heavily on the facts in cases such as these. They argued that Holland had satisfied the something more requirement since he was the sole guiding mind of Paycheck and had complete control over the companies decisions and the power to pay out the dividends without having to consult anybody else. As a result the decision of the case is not logical; a sole director of a corporate director would be a de facto director in most circumstances since he is expected to be making all of the companies important decisions. Despite the decision not making sense logically, it helped to highlight the courts thought process and provide some direction. By following the case of Hydrodam it rejected the idea in Secretary State v Hall[23] which is wrong in principle since it held that a person was a de facto director of the company for acting as a director of the subje ct company. It is now clear that this alone is not enough to be considered a de facto director. The principles that were applied in Holland are being applied to more recent cases of similar issuing suggesting that it is clear enough to follow. In the case of Smithton v Naggar[24] the Court of Appeal cited Lord Collins inHolland statingthere is no one definitive test for identifying whether somebody is ade factodirector. Instead, it must be asked whether that person was part of the corporate governance system of the company and whether he assumed the status and function of a director so as to make himself responsible as if he were a director. It also used some of the relevant criteria that Collins had included for example if there is an overlap between shadow and de facto directors, whether the person assumed responsibility to act as a director and if he was held out as such. The Court of Appeal said that, ordinarily, it will be important for the court to determine a companyà ¢Ã¢ ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s corporate governance system to decide whether an individual has assumed the responsibility of a director. This supports the idea that Holland has clarified the law as there is suddenly some consistency arising between cases and being able to hold a de facto director accountable for their actions. Moreover the case of Elsworth Ethanol v Hartely[25] looked at the concept of de facto directorships. The test for de facto directors needed to take all the relevant factors into account and highlighted some of the significant ones similar to Holland, for example equal footing, holding out and part of the corporate governing structure. These cases show that the courts are now considering the same questions when looking at the cases yet still applying it to the facts. As identified above, a de factor director owes the same duties and obligations to the company as a formally appointed de jure director. This means that any statutory duties and prohibitions that apply to a de jure director will be imposed on him if he is found to be undertaking the role of a de facto director in the courts. This means that it is necessary to be able to identify them so that they can be held responsible for their actions. If they cannot be identified then they cannot be held responsible and will appear that the courts are permitting the defence that they were never appointed therefore they cannot be held accountable for their actions. This would allow directors to control the company without having any concern for the consequences that would be attached to their actions if they were a de jure director. However, it could be argued that the case of Holland[26] has not provided any help in being able to identify a de facto director instead it has produced an outcome that allows people to hide behind the structure of a corporate directorship in order to avoid being held liable for acting as a director. In conclusion, the law regarding de facto directors has been complicat ed by the range of different court decisions. It could be argued that Holland[27] has brought some clarity to this aspect of the law by recognising that there is not one test that can be applied to all cases since the decision incorporates the fact so much. It also provides further guidance by stating some concepts that could be considered. However, since these have been criticised for being vague and ill-defined it could be argued that there is still much room for improvement in this area of law for example to clarify what some of the regularly used terms such as corporate governance structure is. Further developments may start to happen as subsequent cases have begun to apply the principles that Holland[28]created meaning that it will get clearer rather than simply expanded since that would now be considered a matter for legislatures. [1] Re Kaytech International PLC[1998] B.C.C 390 [2] Revenue and Customs Commissioners v Holland and another[2010] 1 W.L.R 2793 (S.C) [3] Insolvency Act 1986 s 212 [4] Companies Act 2006 s 250 [5] Ji Lian Yap, De facto directors and corporate directorships [2012] J.B.L 579, 586 [6] Revenue and Customs Commissioners v Holland and another[2010] 1 W.L.R 2793 (S.C) [7] Revenue and Customs Commissioners v Holland and another[2010] 1 W.L.R 2793 (S.C) [8] Secretary of State for Trade and Industry v Tjolle[1998] B.C.C 282 (C.D) [9] Revenue and Customs Commissioners v Holland and another[2010] 1 W.L.R 2793 (S.C) [10] Revenue and Customs Commissioners v Holland and another[2010] 1 W.L.R 2793 (S.C) [11] Revenue and Customs Commissioners v Holland and another[2010] 1 W.L.R 2793 (S.C) [12] Revenue and Customs Commissioners v Holland and another[2010] 1 W.L.R 2793 (S.C) [13] Re Richborough Furniture, LTD Secretary of State for Trade and Industry v Stokes Or s [1996] B.C.C. 155 [14] Secretary of State for Trade and Industry v Tjolle [1998] 1 BCLC 333 [15] Secretary of State for Trade and Industry v Tjolle [1998] 1 BCLC 333, at pp 343à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"344, approved in Re Kaytech International plc [1999] 2 BCLC 351 , 423 [16] Len Sealy Case comment: paycheck services 3 LT the Supreme Court reviews the Concept of the de facto Director (2001_ 287 Company Law newsletter 1 [17] Revenue and Customs Commissioners v Holland and another[2010] 1 W.L.R 2793 (S.C) [18] Re Hydrodam (Corby) Ltd (In Liquidation)[1993] B.C.C 161 (CD) [19] Revenue and Customs Commissioners v Holland and another[2010] 1 W.L.R 2793 (S.C) [20] Re Hydrodam (Corby) Ltd (In Liquidation)[1993] B.C.C 161 (CD) [21] Revenue and Customs Commissioners v Holland and another[2010] 1 W.L.R 2793 (S.C) [22] Ji Lian Yap, De facto directors and corporate directorships [2012] J.B.L 579, 579 [23] Secretary of State for Trade and Industry v Hall [2006] B.C.C 190 [24] Smithton Ltd v Naggar and others[2014] EWCA Civ 939. [25] Elsworth Ethanol Company Ltd and another v Ensus Ltd and others [2014] EWHC99 (IPEC)3 February 2014. [26] Revenue and Customs Commissioners v Holland and another[2010] 1 W.L.R 2793 (S.C) [27] Revenue and Customs Commissioners v Holland and another[2010] 1 W.L.R 2793 (S.C) [28] Revenue and Customs Commissioners v Holland and another[2010] 1 W.L.R 2793 (S.C)

The Effects of Peer Pressure and Study Habits - 2126 Words

THE EFFECTS OF PEER PRESSURE TO THE STUDY HABITS OF SECOND YEAR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF ROGATIONIST COLLEGE SCHOOL YEAR 2012-2013 Submitted to: Mrs. Renita B. Marasigan Mr. Louie Sonny D. Rivera Mrs. Eloisa L. Leondis In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Basic Research, Mathematics IV and Christian Living Education IV Eldrick Justin B. Ambagan Nikki Jamille T. Baco Patrick Joshua A. Llorin Ma. Kia Concepcion V. Vedan IV – Saint Ignatius de Loyola CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY A. Introduction Peer pressure is the influence of a peer group to an individual, causing them to change their attitudes, values and behaviour. It refers to any individual who is being persuaded in doing†¦show more content†¦Peer pressure may convince adolescents to engage in pre social behavior such as doing community service or exercising. Peer pressure may also work to prevent behaviors usually connected with succumbing to peer pressure; for example, peer pressure may encourage an adolescent not to drink or smoke because his or her friends disapprove. However, peer pressure’s impact is usually negative. For the researchers, peer pressure really does affect the study habits of a student for the reason that they spend the whole day together with their friends and sometimes they disregard their studies because of them. There are two kinds of friends, there are good ones and there nice ones. The good ones are the ones that will lead you to the correct path, meaning they will influence you to do proper things especially in your study habits. The nice friends are the kinds of friends that are nice but a bad influence. They will tolerate all your actions and decisions which makes them â€Å"nice† to you. Paradigm of the study PEER PRESSURE STUDY HABITS Figure 1. The effects of peer pressure to the study habits of second year students of Rogationist College High School Department School Year 2012- 2013. Figure 1 shows the variables of the study. The peer pressure served as the independent variable of the study, while the effect to the study habits of second year students is the dependent variable. The paradigmShow MoreRelatedTeenage Addiction to Smoking1498 Words   |  6 Pagesthe world. Teenage smoking is an epidemic that has derives from several causes. Smoking in young teens has become more common this day in age. Smoking in young teens is most commonly brought about by peer pressure. According to an article Teenage Smoking, â€Å"At no other time in life is peer pressure stronger than during the teenage years. Teens want to fit in and want to be cool, even at the expense of their health. It is hard to get many teens to stop smoking if everybody else is doing it† (HamiltonRead MoreInfluence Of Tobacco Use. â€Å"The Prevalence Of Current Smoking1162 Words   |  5 Pagesmental disorders such as anxiety (Brook, Lee, Rubenstone et al., 2014). Although observational studies cannot prove the connection of a causal relationship, but researchers have reported an association between relatively poor self-esteem and substance use initiation (kwon, Ratner, Richardson). â€Å"Considering The relationship between self-esteem and the initiation of tobacco use, the re sults of this study support previous research reports of a potentially protective role of self-esteem against the initiationRead MoreCauses of Smoking Habit Among Teenagers1621 Words   |  7 PagesCauses of Smoking habit among Teenagers Regina Jane A. Ancheta Math11FA1 Prof. Dangla Hypothesis: Chapter 1: Introduction Each year a great amount of money are being wasted in smoking. Although it is quite obvious that smoking habit is dangerous and injurious to health but still a larger number of people especially teenagers attracting and getting involved in smoking habit day by day. Some reasons of this addiction are obvious such as influence of friends or community member as teenageRead MoreEssay about Obesity and Fast Food1324 Words   |  6 Pagesfast food may be one of the contributors to the obesity epidemic, it surely doesn’t stand alone. There are many more reasons why people living in the United States are overweight. Some of these reasons include problems within the school systems, peer pressure, education, and even just where a person lives. It’s clear fast food restaurants are part of the problem; look around and you see that they are everywhere. Just take a short drive down Cypress Avenue in Redding and you will drive past no fewerRead MoreAlcohol And Drugs And Their Effects On First Year Students1544 Words   |  7 PagesAlcohol and Drugs and their Effects on First-Year Students Alcohol has been a part of human society for millennia. It can be found in churches, gas stations, supermarkets, and nearly everywhere else. Drugs are becoming more ubiquitous as well, with the legalization of cannabis now active in some form in 25 states (Maciag â€Å"State†). However, no single place is more saturated with alcohol and drugs than the college campus. Despite the troves of research that have been done to give evidence that theyRead MorePeer Pressure As A Teenager957 Words   |  4 PagesWhat Peer Pressure Can Do To Teenagers Dealing with peer pressure as a teenager can be stressful since you want to be accepted but it might lead you to do negative things you feel uncomfortable with. Peer pressure is the influence of those similar to you, such as classmates or friends, that encourages you to change your behavior or values to meet theirs. This is a problem for teenagers since at their age, they are becoming more independent from their parents which can expose them to drugs, alcoholRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Peer Pressure1532 Words   |  7 Pages Peer Pressure: An Epidemic We all have been young adolescents before and experienced all the things junior high and high school has to offer. Being a teenager is something everyone has or will experience in our life times. Teenagers go through a crucial time in their lives where they really figure out who they are and how to make more adult decisions. Peer pressure has always been a regular part of teenage life. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry states â€Å"Peers play a large roleRead MoreEffects Of Stress On A Young Student s Development1146 Words   |  5 Pagesnegatively. This paper will explore the negative effects that stress can have on the four various domains of development during the stage of emerging adulthood of a student. Discussion Cognitive Domain The first domain that can be negatively influenced by stress is cognitive development. Cognitive development involves learning, understanding gaining knowledge. Many students come home from school and want to relax instead of doing homework. According to a study by Burgess, students typically play videoRead More Putting a Stop to Smoking1261 Words   |  6 Pagesideal student will learn the immediate and long-term affects of what cigarette can do to himself and others around him, to resist peer pressure, and be capable of recognizing and resisting advertisement and media ploys. In order to achieve this, the university must provide a curriculum that includes classes such as Anatomy, Smoking Biology with seminars, Media Effects, History of Smoking, Tobacco Industry 101, and DARE with community service. Many people are not aware of the many ways cigaretteRead MoreShould I Drink This Beer? Essay1650 Words   |  7 Pageshigh school years. Peer pressure can change the answer to those three simple question in both a negative or positive way. Peer pressure is when a group of your peers is trying to influence you to do something in either a good or bad way. Peer pressure can be shown in many different types of situations such as when drugs and alcohol come into an adolescent s life, worrying about their body image, and teenage sex, as well as dealing with bullying, and depression. Peer pressure shows up the most when

Gun Control Persuasive Essay - 1539 Words

Tighter Gun Control Once again the topic of gun control has risen due to the most recent mass shooting in Las Vegas, which was the deadliest mass shooting in modern US history. This shooting resulted in the loss of 58 innocent lives and the harm to more than 500 others. As we can see, these events are happening far too often and we must make a change soon. While this Letter to the Editor gives me a place to express my concern on this issue, I will also use Facebook and Twitter to reach as many viewers as possible. I believe that Twitter will be more effective in having my voice be heard because of the ability to use hashtags and the millions of active users they have. The New York Times 620 8th Avenue New York, NY, 10018 Dear Editor: I am†¦show more content†¦There is never a logical time for someone to use it so what is the need for it. Hunters don’t go out into the woods with machine guns to hunt their prey. If they did they would have far too many bullets in the animal to have to remove. Having these military style weapons on the market is just asking for tragedy. One of the military surgeons that helped treat victims of the Las Vegas shooting claims â€Å"These were definitely injuries you would see in a war zone† (Craig 1). This is the result of selling these military-style weapons. A war on our homeland against our very own people. We need more people to start speaking out on this issue because the more people that speak out the more our voice will be heard. I understand that it’s our second amendment right to bear arms but at the same time I believe that everyone’s right to life is more important than someone’s right to bear arms. You can’t argue that. It’s not that we are trying to get rid of all guns but we want to make it harder for people who shouldn’t have them, to obtain them because the less guns there are the less shootings there will be. With enough people on our side I believe we can fix this problem and make our country a safer place for everyone. Sincerely, Connor Rogers My Letter to the Editor states that the accessibility to guns, especially military-style weapons is very concerning, not to mention the fact that youShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay : Gun Control798 Words   |  4 PagesPersuasive Essay Did you know that in the United States almost 100,000 people are shot or killed with a gun in one year? 10,527 people die a year in handgun related incidents in the United States. This number, by far, outweighs the number of gun related deaths in countries such as Sweden, Great Britain, and Japan, which number 13, 22, and 87, respectively. What is the reason for such drastic differences in numbers? 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These strategies are nicely set into two main schemas; the first method is to exaggerate an aspect of something, known as â€Å"intensify.† While the second is to discredit it, which is referred to as â€Å"downplay.† Al Franken, Jeffrey SnyderRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1018 Words   |  5 PagesImagine, an America where no citizen, law abiding or not, has the legal ability to own guns. Three gunmen with fully automatic rifles walk into a crowded city and begin firing. No law abiding citizen can defend themselves. It’s hopeless. This future can only be prevented if Americans continue to keep the second amendment. We should keep the current gun control laws, but revise them to make them even better. Most gun own ers are responsible under the current laws, however, I think some laws need to beRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1245 Words   |  5 Pagesand time again. Due to recent tragedies involving firearms, the view of guns and peoples rights to own and operate firearms have been frowned upon and viewed in a bad light due to Media. News sources have cherrypicked pictures of tragedies and stories about bad instances of gun usage in order to fight for Gun Control and the suppression of Americans rights. Due to the recent Vegas shooting, the argument for Gun Control has never been more intense, and Media outlets are having a field day onRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control915 Words   |  4 PagesHistorically guns haven’t been a national issue. It is not until relatively recently that an overwhelming amount of people have been in favor of placing stricter laws on the owning of a fire arm. The call for gun control has become more prevalent in the eyes of the government and the people; the gun laws that are also often proposed are irrational and ineffective. One could not simply ban guns, it is comparable to banning a certain genre of music; it’s unachievable and would be a fruitless pursuitRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1745 Words   |  7 Pagescruelty to animals, and yet he was able to buy four guns legally (Rosenberg). That is the most recent example of why Americans need more gun control laws. Guns are not cool or makes you look good, they are a da ngerous piece of machinery that Americans take advantage of. The average American in the right mindset should not want to own anything more than one handgun or rifle for hunting or protecting their household. Gun control reform that limits gun ownership, enforces mandatory background checks, andRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1439 Words   |  6 Pagesreason why Americans own so many guns is because of the Second Amendment, which states, â€Å"A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a Free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.† (Rauch) This amendment guarantees U.S. citizens the right to have firearms. Since this amendment is relatively vague, it is up for interpretation, and is often used by gun advocates to argue for lenient gun laws. Hence, gun control is a frequently discussed controversialRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control967 Words   |  4 Pagessaid gun violence has gotten out of hand. This do esn’t mean that the second amendment is the cause of it. Gun Violence has become such a big part of the Second Amendment since they both play a major part of the gun industry. Guns have become such a powerful source to many individuals. With the second amendment placed, this means we have gun control, which are rules that regulate, the manufacture, possession, modification, or use of firearms by civilians. There should be a stricter law on gun controlRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1634 Words   |  7 PagesOver the recents years, there have been many arguments about the issue of gun control at the state and national level. In California, there have been a variety of enacted laws within recent years to address the issue of growing gun violence around the country and ways to prevent terrorist attacks. California s new enacted laws about gun control in the state range from abolishing certain features on weapons to restricting certain handguns or other firearms a person might buy. The legislative branch

Essay about New Imperialism and Western expansion in Asia and Africa

Question: Explain the causes of the New Imperialism and Western expansion in Asia and Africa in early 1900. Answer: New Imperialism Imperialist and colonialist polices have come into subsistence prior to contemporary capitalism. Imperialism occurs when strong nation want to take over weaker nation for dominating over their cultural, economical and political life. After the industrial revolution, it has become a frequent practice of European countries for seeking new sources of raw material and market for selling the manufactured products (Berna 70). When look at the 19the century, there was a huge conflict among the countries of Europe for overseas territories. The causes of new imperialism are explained in this study. Imperialism was related to Darwinism and racism. This theory explains how new species are created and how existing one become extinct. This theory was used to justify the European imperialism and colonialism. It was the belief of European countries that superior races should dominate inferior races by military forces for showing their power and influence over them (Potter 34). They also believed that they are strongest race in the world and world convey civilization in the world. Thus, the used to take the way of new imperialism for making their power over another country and make inferior countries more civilized. Another reason for imperialism is Economic Reason. There was huge demand of natural resources in western countries in terms of tin, oil and rubber. Instead of doing trading with the countries having natural resources, the western countries had chosen to get a direct control over these countries. Furthermore, economic expansion needed control over the new market for buying and selling product and cheap labor for increasing the production and capital surplus (Pokalova 336). Therefore, the superior countries chose the way of new imperialism for getting control over the countries having full of natural resources. One of another important cause of new imperialism is cultural and religious motives of superior countries. It was the belief of European countries that they have some moral responsibilities over non-Europeans. They thought that they would convey civilization in non-civilized countries. They also thought that they were more humanitarian and would bring humanism to all unenlightened countries (Pradella 119). Europeans had taken new imperialism policies in which catholic missionaries took the duty to convert the non-Christian people of inferior countries to Christian religion. Western expansion in Asia and Africa in early 1900 In mid-to-late 19th century, before industrial revolution, there was huge demand of oriental goods for expanding the industries in overseas territories. This demand was the driving force of European countries to adopt imperialism action over Asian Countries. This was the main reason for which British East India Company ruled over India. It has been found that between 1870s and early 1990s during the time of World War 1, United Kingdom, Netherlands and France and established their colonial power over Asia (Potter 34). They had added to their empires vast expanses of territory in Indian Subcontinent, Middle East and South East Asia. In the same period such as in early 1900s, Japan Empire, German Empire and United States emerged their new imperial power over East Asia and Pacific Ocean Area. During the latter half of 19th century, Europeans began to explore in the interiors of Africa for getting the natural resources existing this nation (Berna 70). By the year 1914, entire continent ha d been colonized one after one by the competing European countries. Reference List Berna, Ioana-Bianca. "The Discourse of New Imperialism in Southeast Asia."Contemporary Readings in Law and Social Justice5.1 (2013): 70. Pokalova, Elena. "Putin's Wars: The Rise of Russia's New Imperialism."Small Wars Insurgencies26.2 (2015): 335-337. Potter, Simon J. "Jingoism, Public Opinion, And The New Imperialism: Newspapers and Imperial Rivalries at the fin de sicle."Media History20.1 (2014): 34-50. Pradella, Lucia. "Imperialism and capitalist development in Marxs Capital."Historical Materialism21.2 (2013): 117-147.

Electoral College System Essays - Electoral College,

Electoral College System The electoral college system is one which is criticized often. In most of the countries in the world their leader is chosen by popular vote. This was true even in communist countries, although many times only one candidate runs sometime. This system of popular vote is not used in the United States, the country that is supposed to be the most democratic. The Electoral College, the constitutional system for the election of the president and vice president of the United States. It is the collective name for a group of electors, nominated by political parties within the states and popularly elected, who meet to vote for those two offices. Each party within a state selects a slate of electors numerically equal to the state's congressional delegation. The electors normally pledge to vote for the nominees of their party, but they are not constitutionally required to do so. When the American people vote for president and vice president, they are actually voting for slates of electors pledged to their candidates. Because the electors usually are chosen at large, the electoral vote of each state is cast as a unit, and the victorious presidential and vice presidential nominees in each state win the state's entire electoral vote. The candidates receiving a majority of the total electoral vote in the United States are elected. The electoral college system was established in ArticleII, section I, of the U. S. Constitution and has been modified mainly by the 12th Amendment. Numerous plans have been proposed for eliminating or altering the electoral college, including direct election of the president and vice president by popular vote. It extremely ironic that the what is supposed to be the most democratic government in the world, does not choose a president according to what the majority of the people want. The electoral college system generally gives all of a state's electoral votes to the winner in that state, no matter how slim the margin. Thus it has happened that candidates have been elected even though they received fewer popular votes than their opponents. Both Rutherford B. Hayes in 1876, and Benjamin Harrison, in 1888, were elected in this manner. In the case of Hayes, a special electoral commission was called in 1877 to decide the contested returns. John Quincy Adams also received fewer popular votes than his opponent, Andrew Jackson, in the election of 1824, but his election was decided by the House of Representatives because Jackson failed to win a majority of electoral college votes. On several occasions the popular vote pluralities of the electoral college victors have been razor thin or even questionable. One instance was the election of John F. Kennedy over Richard M. Nixon in 1960. The feature of the electoral college most prone to attack is the requirement that the election go into the House of Representatives to determine the president and into the senate to determine the vice-president if the electoral college fails to reach a majority. There might be a paralyzing delay in determining the victors, and the president-elect and vice president-elect could be members of opposing political parties. The House was called upon to elect a president in the cases of Jefferson and John Quincy Adams, and the Senate chose Richard M. Johnson as vice president after the election of 1836. The possibility of this happening again remains very much alive. Should a third-party candidate carry enough states to prevent an electoral vote majority for any candidate, the House, voting by state delegation, might be prevented from reaching an absolute majority. Pledged electors generally have been regarded as legally free to cast their votes as they choose, and there have been cases of defection from pledged positions. No such deviation has had a clear effect on an election result, but the possibility raises an additional objection to the electoral college. In 1820 a New Hampshire elector voted for John Quincy Adams instead of James Monroe; in 1956 an Alabama elector voted for a circuit judge instead of Adlai E. Stevenson; in 1960 an Oklahoma elector pledged to Richard Nixon voted instead for Harry F. Byrd; in 1968 a North Carolina elector defected from Nixon to George C. Wallace; and in 1988 a West Virginia elector voted for Lloyd M. Bentsen, Jr. instead of Michael S. Dukakis. Because of this I will shown that the following, although improbable example is possble to happen. If every single voter in the country unanimously chose "candidate A" for president, the electors pledged to him still may rally against him and vote for the other

The eNotes Blog How Is Shakespeare Still Relevant 400 Years After His Death Tell UsAnd Win$400!

How Is Shakespeare Still Relevant 400 Years After His Death Tell UsAnd Win$400! Without William Shakespeare, it is likely that would not exist- and what a sad world that would be! We started out ten years ago as purely a Shakespeare site, and over the years have added thousands of other  authors, tens of thousands of book summaries and analyses, and new services like our rapidly-growing Homework Help. Homework Help is one of the most exciting services for students that weve created. Students can ask any question (on any subject) and get connected with one of our specialized educators to receive help on their toughest homework problems. With this service, we are helping to  foster students critical thinking and are providing  deeper understanding and contextual knowledge of the subject matter, whatever it may be. Since launching this service, weve answered over 300,000 questions and have helped millions of students! Shakespeare being the foundational  bloodline of all of is just one of the ways we still find him relevant- even 400 years after his death. His  works form the basis for  some of our most popular pages and Homework Help answers to this day, for students and teachers alike. Now, we want to hear from you why you think Shakespeare is still relevant. It can be anything from how you relate to him, how his works inspire you, or something totally different  (and off-the-wall!). Were giving away some fantastic prizes, so read on about how to enter below! How to Enter Tell us  why you think Shakespeare is still relevant to literature, history, education, oreven just to you!   Your submission must be posted as an answer to our Homework Help question, which can be found by clicking the button below. Need help finding the answer box? Check out  this screenshot if you are new to or this one if you are already logged in. Submissions are  accepted until April 17, 2016 at 11:59 p.m. PST. Please note: be sure your account is up-to-date with the best email at which to reach you- this is how we will contact you if you win. Prizes We will select a  grand prize winner to receive  $400 cash, a 1-year subscription, and 100 credits to use in Homework Help (a $549.99 value!). Five (5) runner-ups will  receive 50 credits to use in Homework Help. Selection will be based upon what our editors and users find to be the most interesting, helpful, funny, relatable, and in general all-around-awesome answers! If you have any questions, please send an email to dispatch@ and we will get back to you within 1-2 business days. We look forward to reading your entries. Best of luck!

The History of Vietnam War Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The History of Vietnam War - Research Paper Example V. The Tet Offensive a. Beginning of U.S. – North Vietnam peace talks VI. End of the War a. Vietnamization b. Signing of Paris Peace Agreement c. Total withdrawal of American forces from Vietnam d. Capture of Saigon and formation of Socialist Republic of Vietnam History of Vietnam War INTRODUCTION Vietnam War was one of the most expensive wars in the history of the world in terms of materials and loss of lives. In fact, Vietnam War was the fourth costliest war in terms of loss of lives that United States has ever been involved. The war registered 45,943 U.S. battle deaths, with 1333 men going missing and 10,298 dead of non-battle causes. In terms of money, United Stated government lost 138.9 billion dollars, which is only comparable to the amount of money spent in World War II. South Vietnam, an ally of United States in the war, lost 166,000 soldiers and an estimated 415, 000 civilians. On the other hand, it is estimated that Northern Vietnam and Viet Cong combined registered more than 937,000 deaths. Other than loss of lives and resources, the war also witnessed the loss of morals among soldiers at the war front. Citizens also lost faith in their governments. This was largely affected the Americans. During the war, American soldiers became undisciplined. They engaged in drugs and racial conflict. Generally, all the warring parties suffered from the war. This paper looks into the history of Vietnam War and the events that lead to the war in Vietnam. The paper discusses the origin of Vietnam War, the entry of United States into the War, the strategy of attrition, the Tet offensive, and the end of the War. ORIGIN OF THE WAR Vietnam had been colonized by the French since 19th century. During the Second World War, Japan attacked and established its authority of Vietnam. In the course of this struggle, Ho Chi Minh, a Vietnamese nationalist, formed Viet Minh Party to help him fight the Japanese and the French occupation of Vietnam. He was assisted by Soviet an d the Chinese communists. In August 1945, the Japanese were overpowered by the Viet Minh and they withdrew their forces from Vietnam leaving the French in control of Vietnam. During this time, Viet Minh’s superiority was on the rise. They captured the northern town Hanoi and declared independence of Democratic Republic of Vietnam in September 1945 with Ho Chi Minh as the president (Christian, 31). The French soldiers were pushed to the south. In July 1949, they formed the state of Southern Vietnam with its capital in Saigon under the leadership of Bao Dai. The war between the French and the Viet Minh called the First Indonesian War continued for the next eight years. The war ended in May 1954 when the French forces were defeated by the Viet Minh forces at Dien Bien Phu. The ensuing peace talks in Geneva led to the signing of the Geneva Peace Accord. The Accord divided Vietnam into North Vietnam under the leadership of Ho and South Vietnam under the leadership of Bao. The Gene va Accord also stipulated that nationwide elections were to be held in 1956. The elections were aimed at unifying North and South Vietnam into one nation. However, in 1955, Â  Ngo Dinh Diem, a strong anticommunist, ousted Bao as the leader of Southern Vietnam and formed the Government of the Republic of Vietnam with him as the president (Le Duan, 51). U.S INVOLVEMENT INTO THE WAR United States joined the struggle in 1950 when President Truman assisted the French forces in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. United States provided the French forc

IT firms in India Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

IT firms in India - Essay Example The paper tells that rapid industrialization and globalization have led to firms expanding their services in foreign countries. The service firms are entering the foreign markets and the most critical issue in international marketing strategy remains the choice of entry mode. The choice of market entry mode according to Zhao and Decker has an impact on international operations and is considered important in international marketing. It is one of the most critical decisions for the MNCs and it affects future decisions and performance in foreign markets. The initial entry mode choice significantly affects the performance and longevity of the firm. Nearly 80 percent of the global investors plan to locate their corporate offices overseas by 2008. The corporate investors are looking at offshoring opportunities more aggressively across all major functions. Kearney contends that the IT sector will see the highest levels of offshoring activity with 67% global investors expecting to offshore t hese functions. Business processes like R&D, HR and accounting offshoring would amount to about 41 percent. These business models will include captive and joint venture, both of which result in FDI. Since there are concerns over quality control and the intellectual-property protection, it is expected that most of the offshoring would be through captive business models (or wholly owned subsidiaries) or joint ventures. Most of the R&D offshoring will be through FDI. Kearney further states that global investors prefer to rely on third-party outsourcing contracts and other non-FDI operating models.

Goals in life Essay Example for Free

Goals in life Essay It is the goal of every individual to adequately achieve his/her goals in life. It is what motivates them to strive and seek for something worthwhile. Each one uses this as a model for getting motivation and fulfillment in the things that they do. Amidst the setbacks that are in place, it is in here that they learn to appreciate what is important in life; hard work and determination. Moreover, our ability to transcend to other people and influence change can truly bring about capabilities to be adaptive and vibrant. Give this notion, I wish to present my intention to apply for a degree in Communication. Dialogue and exchange remain to be one of the instruments that shape man’s interaction among other people. It serves as an important determinant in molding and creating individuals who are both capable to adapt and conquer the challenges of professional practice. Given the complexities of today’s workplace, many students need to be formally trained to have the sufficient and necessary skills to cope in these changing times. By doing this, I can be competent and vigorous in the things I do. To supplement this, one must have the essential experience and leadership skills so that this relative facet be honed and cultivated. For my part, I believe that I have these necessary ideals to adequately address these challenges both in the educational environment and in the workplace. It is in here that I wish to point out my qualifications and traits that I believe can be vital towards my application in UC. At an early age, I was exposed into various endeavors that opened up my abilities and potential as a leader. Being immersed in these activities other than my study widened my horizons and opened new boundaries for me to explore. From my experience in Hong Kong to my community work in Santa Monica College, all these paved the way for such realization. At the same time, I was able to cultivate the service trait which I believe is an essential component of a good and adequate leader. Looking at my experiences, I had mentioned that I was not merely involved in academic undertaking. I too tried to develop my interpersonal skills by advocating numerous civic and extracurricular activities including sports. Back then, I was in the badminton school team since I was in grade 7(grade 7 to grade 11) I represent my school to entered many badminton competitions and came out with a good results. Moreover, I am proud to have been part of the â€Å"Duke of Edinburg Awards† (The DofE) and finished the Silver level. The DofE is a programme of activities that can be undertaken by anyone aged from 14 to 25, regardless of personal ability. In the end, all these endeavors contributed to what I am right now; competitive and vibrant. With your help, I can actively sustain this energy and create opportunities for me to create and respond actively to the needs of others. Prompt 2 I believe that determination and patience remains to be the defining factor in the way we do and handle things. It is in this light that we gain experience and insights that contribute to the way we do our tasks and responsibilities. Give the different struggles that we may encounter in these situations; we must continue to stand up and use these events as a way to facilitate a renewed effort to widen our horizons and learn from the process. It is with this adage that I come to combat every challenge that may come along the way. Coming from the United States as an immigrant, I too experienced difficulties in adjusting to the norms and culture. I had to cope up with the language barrier and effectively communicating with other people. However, this did not stop me from achieving what I wanted to be. Rather than giving up in the process, I developed my personal commitment to major in communication to help me bridge this gap and let other immigrants feel the same way. Though this task is never an easy one, I feel that my background and the way I was brought up by my father can give me the strength to tackle any challenge that may come along the way. Looking back, I am proud to say that my family raised me pretty well and gave the right norms and values to handle the pressures in the outside world. They gave me the opportunity to showcase my talent and skills in different ways. Each one did not hamper my growth but gave me the inspiration to focus on what I want. In addition, they imparted in me the lessons of patience and perseverance in everything. Now, I began to understand and appreciate what they gave me. As I brought these adages to practice, I became involved in numerous activities outside the academic realm. It has always been my belief that to achieve an element of satisfaction and fulfillment, one must go out of his/her comfort zone and serve other people. With this, I began to associate with individuals in different levels may it be in sports (badminton) or civic activities such as my participation in Duke of Edinburg Awards. Not only did these programs enhance my capabilities and skills as an individual, it also gave meaning in my life and purpose in everything that I do. My involvement as a vice president of my house was also a unique experience on my part. It proved vital for me to enhance my leadership and communication skills among other people. I became part of charity events and reaching out for disabled people. It motivated me because I am now seeing what I wanted to become and actively working harmoniously with other individuals. I learned useful skills which allow me to meet people and communicate with them. In all of these, I feel that the past five years of my life were a determining factor of what I wanted to be.

Motivation and Manipulation in Julius Caesar Essay -- William Shakespe

In Julius Caesar, Shakespeare illuminates the themes of human motivation and manipulation. He examines the relationship between actions and motivations, cause and effect, and word and deed, using the symbols of hands and hearts. Throughout the play, the characters Brutus and Marc Antony express their different understandings of this relationship rhetorically. In his 1953 film interpretation, Joseph L. Mankiewicz demonstrates these characters’ understanding through both the play’s original dialogue and his own interpolated action. It is interesting to see the different effects of spoken rhetoric, as we experience it in the play, and the visual rhetoric of the film. The play itself complicates matters of motivation and therefore does not answer the question of blame. When reading one character, the audience feels connected with their point of view, and when reading the other, they are made to feel unsure about their initial opinion. In the end, it is nearly impossible t o discover the characters’ inner motives, and it is therefore difficult to place blame on one or the other. However, Mankiewicz visually presents the complex relationship between these two symbols and in doing so, he creates a more sympathetic persona for Brutus than the one in the play. He focuses on the hands as a symbol of unity, love, and friendship, and where characters use hands for evil acts, he is quick to juxtapose the actions of hands from the motivations of the heart. While Shakespeare uses this juxtaposition to merely complicate the matter without solving it, Mankiewicz uses it to simplify the question. For Mankiewicz, Brutus’ involvement in the murder of Caesar, does not wholly reflect his character, and the audience is made to see a more human, vulne... ...wn in the play. In Brutus’ words, â€Å"Th’ abuse of greatness is when it disjoins remorse from power,† and in that instance, the film shows Antony’s abuse of authority (2.1.18-19). Because Antony believes that the hands’ actions and the heart’s motivations cannot be separated, his language demonstrates this belief, and he acts accordingly. While Brutus may act maliciously at times, he believes that hands and hearts are not always inextricably linked and therefore, that is especially true of his evil actions. Though Shakespeare may the leave the audience in doubt, Mankiewicz does not avoid blame and suggests that the exclusive joining of hands and hearts disjoins compassion from power and leads to true butchery. Works Cited Mankiewicz, Joseph L., dir. Julius Caesar. 1953. Film Shakespeare, William. Julius Caesar. New York: Barnes & Noble, 2007. Print.

Death Penalty Essay

Roy Brown is a conservative who believes in individual rights and the right to life. He believes there is no deeper violation of a citizen’s right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness than the government killing them when they’re actually innocent. With the use of the death penalty, mistakes are highly inescapable (Brown 1). More than one hundred and forty death row inmates had been set free after evidence was revealed proving they were wrongfully condemned and this often happened decades after they were sentenced to die. Sometimes the mistake was not caught and a few innocents have been put to death. Brown states that the death penalty is also somewhat bad for the victim’s families. The families are brought along to this drawn out legal process and appear in many court sessions reliving the tragedy as it is impossible to make capital punishment quick (Brown 1). Another negative about the death penalty is its cost. Legal expenses alone make each death penalty case much more expensive than a case where a criminal is sentenced to life without the likelihood of parole (Brown 2). Brown values human life and believes that everyone should die a natural death. The same principles that motivate him to oppose abortion also motivate him to oppose the death penalty. All life is valuable and the only way that the citizens can be sure an innocent person is never executed is by ending the death penalty completely (Brown 2). Roy Brown has a type of bias with his opposition of the death penalty. He is a Catholic so his religious views get in the way of his perspective on the use of capital punishment. Catholics believe that the fundamental respect for human life includes even those guilty of crimes. So Brown, as a Catholic, grew up disliking the death penalty as he has been taught in his religion to love human life. So his view with Catholicism might blur out how he truly views the use of the death penalty without religion involved. Brown, Roy. â€Å"Why Conservatives Should Oppose the Death Penalty.† The Daily Caller. The Daily Caller, 16 Apr. 2013. Web. 26 Sept. 2013.

How to Do Your Homework the Right Way

Have you ever wondered why some of your classmates always manage to do all their homework on time and even manage to do something on top of it, while you constantly struggle to complete the bare minimum on time and never seem to have enough hours for anything else? Let us tell you a secret – it very rarely has something to do with a natural talent. In absolute majority of cases it is all about the right organization and approach to the work at hand. Want to know what it means? Read on. Keep Track of Your Homework If you want to be on top of things, you should always know exactly how much homework you have at the moment and when each part of it is due. This way you will always know what your current workload is, which days are going to be especially homework-heavy, what long-term projects you are dealing with and so on. It is important to keep all this information in a separate location, where it will be impossible to mix it up with something else. A separate notebook, calendar, day planner – anything will do as long as you don’t forget to make the new entries as they come and keep them up-to-date. If you prefer high-tech approach, you may use a homework organizing app – their name is legion, and they are basically interchangeable. Here are some tips that will make it more efficient: Organize homework chronologically, not in the order it is assigned but in the order of deadlines. When you are assigned a large, long-term project you are not going to start working on it right away, so make sure you remember about it – stick a Post-It note in a conspicuous place or set a reminder on your phone. This way it won’t come as a surprise that you have a research paper due tomorrow morning and forgotten all about it. Write down all the additional information about each assignment: textbook pages, instructions from the teacher, other sources. Look through each assignment as soon as possible and make sure you understand it. A teacher may mix up pages or forget to mention some crucial details, you may make a mistake writing the instructions down. You don’t want to find it out the night before the deadline, when it is too late to ask for clarifications. Choose and Prepare Your Workplace Working environment is an important factor in your overall efficiency – which means that you should take its choice and preparation as seriously as possible. Generally, you have two choices at your disposal: to do your homework at home or in a public place, e.g., a library. Both have their benefits and drawbacks, neither is ideal and their appropriateness may differ according to the task at hand, your preferences and many other factors. Source: http://cdn3.gurl.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/homeworkorganizationtips13.jpg Working at home is understandably more flexible – you can take breaks from homework to deal with other things, have full access to your computer and textbooks. Drawbacks come from the same source – home atmosphere produces a relaxing effect on many people, and as a result they tend to drift off to time-wasting activities when they are supposed to be working. If you have a large family in a small living space, there may be many distracting factors as well. Many people actually find that they work better when surrounded by others, which serves as an additional motivation to do their homework in public locations. Libraries, for one, are specifically designed for this purpose – visitors are prohibited from making loud noises or talking at the top of their voices, working places are comfortable, and you can access any literature you may need at the moment’s notice. Plus, most modern libraries have Internet access. It may be a good idea to try out several different places to see where you feel more comfortable and manage to work more efficiently. Also, consider drifting between workplaces from time to time – getting entrenched in your routine too deeply may have an adverse effect on the results of your work, and changing your workplace occasionally is said to be stimulating for your mental activity. Prepare a Schedule This is the single most important point in this guide – if you omit all the rest and implement only this one, you are still going to greatly increase your efficiency. Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZQL_9OM9OVw The majority of problems students face when dealing with homework are caused by lack of organization. They put off each assignment until the last possible moment, ignore long-term projects until it is too late to do a decent job of them, neglect revision and practice – and, as a result, invariably suffer from the lack of time, enormous workloads and frustration. All this can be averted if you do two simple things: prepare a schedule and stick to it. For better or worse, there is no single surefire approach to how you should organize your studies. It depends on your own abilities, your majors, preferences and interests, the kind of school you attend, your academic level and so on. However, here are some suggestions that may help you in inventing the schedule that would suit you best: Set aside a specific period of time every day you are going to dedicate to homework. If possible, make it the same time every day – it will make the formation of the necessary habit easier. After you’ve been starting your homework at the same time for a month, you no longer will have to persuade yourself to do it, no matter how disagreeable a task you are dealing with is. If you’ve completed your homework for tomorrow earlier than expected, start doing assignments for the day after tomorrow. It is a good rule of a thumb to always stay ahead of schedule at least a day. This way, you will have a bit of padding for emergencies: in case your teacher suddenly piles up a mountain of urgent assignments, or you have some personal problems. Besides, you cannot imagine what a gratifying experience it is to have all your homework done three days ahead of schedule and not having to bother about it anymore. Of course, sometimes you will exceed your allotted time and still have some work to do. Make sure to complete it anyway, but note which assignments took you longer than expected to take them into account in future. Account for the breaks. Even if you have a lot of urgent work to do, still make sure to find time for breaks. Different specialists recommend different combinations of work and free time: 45/15 minutes, 50/10, 60/15. Try out different variants and choose the one that suits you best, but don’t omit them altogether. As you get more and more tired, your attention will start slipping, memory will weaken and your efficiency in general is going to suffer. Short periods of rest can prolong the period of maximum efficiency. By the way, rest should be different in quality from your work – don’t just sit surfing the Internet. Stand up, do some squats, go for a quick walk around the block. If you work on a long-term project, set aside some time to do it every day for its entire duration. It is preferable to spend some time on it before you start doing your assignments for tomorrow – thus you won’t be tempted to skip it â€Å"just this once† because you are too tired. Preparations Before getting down to business, you should take care of a few little things. Prepare everything you are going to need (textbooks, pens, pencils, rulers, anything else depending on your task – you should have it prepared beforehand). Eliminate all possible distractions. Source: http://www.read123.co.uk/blog/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/how-to-improve-concentration-RGB.jpg This is one of the reasons to do homework in a library or a similar place – it adds discipline to the atmosphere. At home you are all too likely to start browsing social media, surfing your favorite sites or watching TV. So make sure to eliminate most of these distractions. Turn off your phone. Get as far from TV as possible. Install a browser add-on like LeechBlock that would prevent you from drifting off to distracting websites. Put on headphones and block out the outside noises with some music – just make sure it is either instrumental or in a language you don’t understand, otherwise it will turn into a distraction of its own. Doing Homework Finally. However, as it turns out, there aren’t any magical tricks about actually doing homework – if you’ve done preparatory work, you shouldn’t encounter many problems. Nevertheless, there are some tips that may help you out. Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UT-_G4-fYkw Sort your homework and start doing the most difficult and/or most important assignments first. This will allow you to complete the most disagreeable parts while you are still fresh and have a lot of time, and spend what time is left on the less crucial tasks. It is almost always better to complete assignments one by one from start to finish than to jump between them. This way you’ll concentrate on one thing at a time and use all your attention to solve the current problem without worrying about unfinished business. However†¦ If the task takes too much time, and you still have a lot of work to do, you may put it off until you deal with the rest of your assignments. Even if you won’t be able to complete it after all, it is better to hand in 9 completed and 1 partially completed assignments than 1 completed and 9 you haven’t even started. We are serious about taking breaks! Even if you feel that you are short on time, you should still take breaks – it will increase your efficiency in the long run. However, you should make them strictly timed and immediately go back to work once the allotted free time runs out. Add motivation. Arrange for some pleasant activity immediately after you complete the last of your homework. It may serve not only as one-time incentive, but a useful habit-forming technique – after a while homework completion will get firmly connected in your subconscious with this pleasant activity, making the entire process a lot more palatable. However, don’t give in to the temptation of doing homework higgledy-piggledy to get to that incentive – a certain quality standard should be a prerequisite of getting this reward. Revision is a must. For many people, going through the entire homework one more time after it is seemingly completed is almost unbearable. However, you will do yourself a world of good if you manage to steel yourself and actually do it – preferably after a break. This is yet another reason to always stay ahead of schedule – you will be amazed how many mistakes you can find in your work if you put it aside for a day or two. Some Final Tips One of the biggest problems you are likely to face is the lack of time. However, with a bit of ingenuity you can find just enough extra of this seemingly finite resource to get everything done. Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ib98J80AUNs Start homework immediately after coming home. There are a lot of activities you can easily dispense with – without even noticing it. Keep your homework at hand and take stabs at it whenever you have to wait for something. It is much more beneficial than playing with your phone. Cram some homework into pauses between periods. 10 minutes may not seem like much, but these things do add up. Get some help! There are a lot of people around you who are ready and sometimes happy to help you out. Parents, older siblings, other students, teachers – don’t be shy to address them for some help if you need it. Homework is an integral part of any education, and the ability to properly organize your own independent work is very important. If you manage to prepare and streamline your work, you’ve effectively halved your problems – it is chaos and disorganization that cause failure in most students.